作为自然现象的地震，历史上不断造成伤害和人类生活的损失。地震预测是任何社会计划的重要方面，可以增加公共准备，并在很大程度上减少损坏。然而，由于地震的随机特征以及实现了地震预测的有效和可靠模型的挑战，迄今为止努力一直不足，需要新的方法来解决这个问题。本文意识到​​这些问题，提出了一种基于注意机制（AM），卷积神经网络（CNN）和双向长短期存储器（BILSTM）模型的新型预测方法，其可以预测数量和最大幅度中国大陆各地区的地震为基于该地区的地震目录。该模型利用LSTM和CNN具有注意机制，以更好地关注有效的地震特性并产生更准确的预测。首先，将零阶保持技术应用于地震数据上的预处理，使得模型的输入数据更适当。其次，为了有效地使用空间信息并减少输入数据的维度，CNN用于捕获地震数据之间的空间依赖性。第三，使用Bi-LSTM层来捕获时间依赖性。第四，引入了AM层以突出其重要的特征来实现更好的预测性能。结果表明，该方法具有比其他预测方法更好的性能和概括能力。

Investigation and analysis of patient outcomes, including in-hospital mortality and length of stay, are crucial for assisting clinicians in determining a patient's result at the outset of their hospitalization and for assisting hospitals in allocating their resources. This paper proposes an approach based on combining the well-known gray wolf algorithm with frequent items extracted by association rule mining algorithms. First, original features are combined with the discriminative extracted frequent items. The best subset of these features is then chosen, and the parameters of the used classification algorithms are also adjusted, using the gray wolf algorithm. This framework was evaluated using a real dataset made up of 2816 patients from the Imam Ali Kermanshah Hospital in Iran. The study's findings indicate that low Ejection Fraction, old age, high CPK values, and high Creatinine levels are the main contributors to patients' mortality. Several significant and interesting rules related to mortality in hospitals and length of stay have also been extracted and presented. Additionally, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and auroc of the proposed framework for the diagnosis of mortality in the hospital using the SVM classifier were 0.9961, 0.9477, 0.9992, and 0.9734, respectively. According to the framework's findings, adding frequent items as features considerably improves classification accuracy.

The spread of misinformation is a prominent problem in today's society, and many researchers in academia and industry are trying to combat it. Due to the vast amount of misinformation that is created every day, it is unrealistic to leave this task to human fact-checkers. Data scientists and researchers have been working on automated misinformation detection for years, and it is still a challenging problem today. The goal of our research is to add a new level to automated misinformation detection; classifying segments of text with persuasive writing techniques in order to produce interpretable reasoning for why an article can be marked as misinformation. To accomplish this, we present a novel annotation scheme containing many common persuasive writing tactics, along with a dataset with human annotations accordingly. For this task, we make use of a RoBERTa model for text classification, due to its high performance in NLP. We develop several language model-based baselines and present the results of our persuasive strategy label predictions as well as the improvements these intermediate labels make in detecting misinformation and producing interpretable results.

Developing robust and fair AI systems require datasets with comprehensive set of labels that can help ensure the validity and legitimacy of relevant measurements. Recent efforts, therefore, focus on collecting person-related datasets that have carefully selected labels, including sensitive characteristics, and consent forms in place to use those attributes for model testing and development. Responsible data collection involves several stages, including but not limited to determining use-case scenarios, selecting categories (annotations) such that the data are fit for the purpose of measuring algorithmic bias for subgroups and most importantly ensure that the selected categories/subcategories are robust to regional diversities and inclusive of as many subgroups as possible. Meta, in a continuation of our efforts to measure AI algorithmic bias and robustness (https://ai.facebook.com/blog/shedding-light-on-fairness-in-ai-with-a-new-data-set), is working on collecting a large consent-driven dataset with a comprehensive list of categories. This paper describes our proposed design of such categories and subcategories for Casual Conversations v2.

This work explores the zero-shot compositional learning ability of large pre-trained vision-language models(VLMs) within the prompt-based learning framework and propose a model (\textit{PromptCompVL}) to solve the compositonal zero-shot learning (CZSL) problem. \textit{PromptCompVL} makes two design choices: first, it uses a soft-prompting instead of hard-prompting to inject learnable parameters to reprogram VLMs for compositional learning. Second, to address the compositional challenge, it uses the soft-embedding layer to learn primitive concepts in different combinations. By combining both soft-embedding and soft-prompting, \textit{PromptCompVL} achieves state-of-the-art performance on the MIT-States dataset. Furthermore, our proposed model achieves consistent improvement compared to other CLIP-based methods which shows the effectiveness of the proposed prompting strategies for CZSL.

Recent research shows synthetic data as a source of supervision helps pretrained language models (PLM) transfer learning to new target tasks/domains. However, this idea is less explored for spatial language. We provide two new data resources on multiple spatial language processing tasks. The first dataset is synthesized for transfer learning on spatial question answering (SQA) and spatial role labeling (SpRL). Compared to previous SQA datasets, we include a larger variety of spatial relation types and spatial expressions. Our data generation process is easily extendable with new spatial expression lexicons. The second one is a real-world SQA dataset with human-generated questions built on an existing corpus with SPRL annotations. This dataset can be used to evaluate spatial language processing models in realistic situations. We show pretraining with automatically generated data significantly improves the SOTA results on several SQA and SPRL benchmarks, particularly when the training data in the target domain is small.

了解空间和视觉信息对于遵循自然语言说明的导航代理至关重要。当前的基于变压器的VLN代理纠缠了方向和视觉信息，这限制了每个信息源的学习中的增益。在本文中，我们设计了具有明确取向和视觉模块的神经药物。这些模块学会了将空间信息和地标在视觉环境中的说明中提及。为了加强代理的空间推理和视觉感知，我们设计了特定的预训练任务，以进食并更好地利用我们最终导航模型中的相应模块。我们在Room2Room（R2R）和Room4Room（R4R）数据集上评估我们的方法，并在两个基准测试中实现最新结果。

这项工作调查了以知识图（kg）形式的外部知识来源的理解问题的学习和推理的挑战。我们提出了一种新型的图形神经网络体系结构，称为动态相关图形网络（DRGN）。 DRGN根据问题和答案实体在给定的KG子图上运行，并使用节点之间的相关得分来动态建立新的边缘，以在图形网络中学习节点表示。相关性的这种显式用法作为图表具有以下优点，a）模型可以利用现有关系，重新缩放节点权重，并影响邻里节点的表示方式在kg子图中汇总的方式，b）恢复推理所需的千克中缺失的边缘。此外，作为副产品，由于考虑了问题节点与图形实体之间的相关性，我们的模型改善了处理负面问题。与最新发布的结果相比，我们提出的方法在两个质量检查基准CommonSenseQA和OpenBookQA上显示了竞争性能。

语言识别对于自动语音识别（ASR）中的许多下游任务至关重要，并且有益于将多语言端到端的ASR集成为附加任务。在本文中，我们建议通过集成每帧语言标识符（LID）预测器来修改基于层压编码器的复发神经网络传感器（RNN-T）模型的结构。带有级联编码器的RNN-T可以使用不右键的第一通用解码来实现较低延迟的流动ASR，并使用二频道解码使用更长的右文本实现较低的单词错误率（WERS）。通过利用当前文章中的这种差异和统计池的流传输实现，该建议的方法可以实现准确的流盖预测，而几乎没有额外的测试时间成本。语音搜索数据集的实验结果具有9个语言语言位置，表明所提出的方法平均达到96.2％的盖子预测准确性，而与输入中的Oracle盖相同的二次通用方法。

设备的端到端（E2E）模型已显示出对质量和延迟的英语语音搜索任务的常规模型的改进。 E2E模型还显示了多语言自动语音识别（ASR）的有希望的结果。在本文中，我们将以前的容量解决方案扩展到流应用程序，并提出流媒体多语言E2E ASR系统，该系统在设备上完全运行，质量和延迟与单个单语言模型相当。为了实现这一目标，我们提出了一个编码器端量模型和一个终端（EOU）联合层，以提高质量和延迟权衡。我们的系统以语言不可知论的方式构建，允许它实时支持本条件的代码切换。为了解决大型模型的可行性问题，我们进行了设备分析，并用最近开发的嵌入解码器代替了耗时的LSTM解码器。通过这些更改，我们设法在不到实时的时间内在移动设备上运行了这样的系统。